13/12/2025 Bertus Preller Adult Children, Arrear Maintenance, Arrear maintenance claims, Arrear Maintenance Variation, Child Maintenance, Children, Contempt of court maintenance, Costs, Divorce order interpretation, Locus standi adult dependent children, Maintenance, Maintenance Calculator, Maintenance Calculator, Maintenance Court, Maintenance order enforcement, Major children maintenance rights, Natural guardianship termination, Parent standing enforcement, Post-divorce maintenance enforcement, Procedural Law, Punitive Cost Orders, Section 6(3) Divorce Act, Self-supporting children definition, Settlement agreement drafting adult dependents tertiary education, ancillary maintenance orders, arrear maintenance claims, Bannatyne contempt proceedings, best interests child section 28(2), Bursey common law duty support, civil claim reimbursement, contempt of court maintenance, divorce order interpretation, divorce settlement clauses, Endumeni interpretation principles, family law practitioners, locus standi adult dependent children, Maintenance Act enforcement, maintenance order enforcement, major children maintenance rights, natural guardianship termination, parent standing enforcement, payment recipient designation, PL v YL settlement agreements, post-divorce maintenance enforcement, primary caregiver designation, section 6(3) Divorce Act, section 8 Divorce Act variation, self-supporting children definition, settlement agreement drafting, Western Cape Full Court, Z v Z distinction Parents Stripped of Enforcement Rights for Adult Children’s Maintenance Post-Divorce: A Critical Analysis of R.L v J.F.D.L (A128/2024) [2025] ZAWCHC 585 (12 December 2025). The Facts: Post-Divorce Enforcement of Maintenance for Adult Dependent Children The appellant and respondent were married in community of property for thirty years before divorcing in the High Court on… READ MORE
22/11/2025 Bertus Preller Balance of probabilities, Children, Court-ordered DNA testing, DNA evidence admissibility, DNA testing, Documentary evidence principles, Expert evidence requirements, Genetic testing reliability, Paternity confirmation, Paternity Disputes, Paternity Fraud, Paternity presumptions, Probative value of documents, SANAS guidelines, Scientific certainty standards authenticity of documents, balance of probabilities, buttressing oral evidence, Children’s Act 38 of 2005, Civil Proceedings Evidence Act 25 of 1965, contemporaneous documentary evidence, court-ordered DNA testing, cross-examination requirements, cumulative evidence assessment, DNA evidence admissibility, documentary evidence principles, evidence law principles, expert evidence requirements, expert opinion evidence, family law South Africa, genetic testing reliability, Maintenance Act 99 of 1998, maintenance court proceedings, maintenance enquiries, Mayer v Williams, paternity disputes, paternity presumptions, prima facie evidence, probative value of documents, SANAS guidelines, scientific certainty standards, unrepresented litigants, viva voce testimony, Western Cape High Court When DNA Evidence Speaks Without Experts: Probabilities, Paternity and Documentary Evidence in E.A.P v S.W (A115/2025) [2025] ZAWCHC 540 (20 November 2025). Factual Background: A Protracted Paternity Dispute Spanning Two Decades This appeal concerned a finding by the Cape Town Magistrate's Court, sitting as a maintenance court, that the appellant was the… READ MORE
08/11/2025 Bertus Preller Abducting parent defences, Article 13 defences, Article 13(a) consent, Article 13(b) grave risk, Habitual Residence, Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, Left-behind parent rights, Prompt return of child, Wrongful removal of child abducting parent defences, ancillary relief, Article 13 defences, Article 13(a) consent, Article 13(b) grave risk, Central Authority South Africa, child return application, Convention proceedings, curator ad litem, custody proceedings, Denmark child abduction, family law South Africa, grave risk threshold, habitual residence, Hague Convention, International Child Abduction, intolerable situation, jurisdictional issues, Koch case, left-behind parent rights, Mirror Orders, N M v Central Authority, Plascon-Evans rule, prompt return of child, Protective Measures, Sonderup v Tondelli, summary proceedings, two-stage process, wrongful removal of child When Midnight Departures Belie Consent: Article 13 Defences Fail in International Child Abduction Case – Central Authority of the Republic of South Africa and Another v L (2025-178969) [2025] ZAGPJHC 1101 (3 November 2025). Factual Matrix: A Mother's Contested Departure from Denmark to South Africa The dispute before Adams J in the Gauteng Division of the High Court centred on a six-year-old boy who… READ MORE
01/11/2025 Bertus Preller Abuse, Best Interests of the Child, Children, Conduct of Childcare Experts, Interlocutory applications, Motion proceedings, Parental Alienation, Parental Rights, Plascon Evans Rule, Procedural Law, Procedure, Referral to trial, Rule 6(5)(g), Sexual Abuse, Sexual Abuse Allegations abuse of process, child contact disputes, Children's Best Interests, Children’s Act 38 of 2005, coaching of child, court as upper guardian, credibility assessment, custody and access, Dispute of Fact, expert evidence family law, expert witness requirements, family advocate report, forensic psychologist report, interlocutory applications, judicial investigation children, motion proceedings, onus of proof family law, Parental Rights, Plascon-Evans rule, referral to trial, room hire principle, Rule 6(5)(g), section 28 best interests, sexual abuse allegations, shared parenting arrangements, South African Family Law, supervised contact, suspension of contact rights, unsubstantiated allegations Unproven Abuse Allegations and Expert Evidence: When Courts Reject Referral to Trial in Child Contact Disputes – C.N v I.G.R (D6383/2024) [2025] ZAKZDHC 68 (28 October 2025). The Factual Matrix: Allegations of Sexual Abuse and Protracted Litigation The case of C.N v I.G.R (D6383/2024) ZAKZDHC 68 (28 October 2025) presents a troubling factual scenario that will resonate… READ MORE
21/10/2025 Bertus Preller Abuse of Process, Alimony, Asset Disclosure, Children, Costs, Divorce, Fishing expedition discovery, Gender equality, Hostile Family Lawyers, Interim Maintenance, Irregular proceedings, Maintenance, Matrimonial proceedings discovery, Procedural Law, Procedure, Prolixity, Punitive Cost Orders, Rule 43, Rule 43 Applications, Rule 43 Contempt, Rule 43 Cost Contributions, Rule 43 orders, Rule 58 Access to Justice, accrual claims, attorney fees Rule 43, B.S v K.W.S 2025, catch me if you can divorce, Children's Best Interests, constitutional implications maintenance, contribution to legal costs, E v E full court, financial disclosure divorce, financially weaker spouse, full and frank disclosure, gender equality divorce, hiding assets divorce, interim relief pending divorce, interim spousal maintenance, KwaZulu-Natal High Court, length of court papers, maintenance pendente lite, matrimonial litigation, matrimonial property disputes, prolixity in divorce proceedings, relevant versus irrelevant evidence, Rule 43 applications, S.M v N.M 2024, South African Family Law, standard of living divorce, striking off applications, Uniform Rule 43 When Brevity Becomes Brutality: S.M v N.M (D6667/2024) [2024] ZAKZDHC 54 versus B.S v K.W.S (2025/027511) [2025] ZAGPPHC 1085 – Has Striking Off Rule 43 Applications for Prolixity Gone Too Far? Two Cases, Two Outcomes: The Factual Matrix of S.M v N.M and B.S v K.W.S The contrasting outcomes in S.M v N.M (D6667/2024) ZAKZDHC 54 (28 August 2024) and B.S… READ MORE
25/08/2025 Bertus Preller Children, High Court exclusive jurisdiction, Interdict, Leave to appeal Superior Courts Act, Lis alibi pendens family law, Procedural Law, Procedure, Relocation, Urgency, Urgent applications appellate review discretion, best interests child principle, child relocation South Africa, Children's Court powers, Children’s Act 38 of 2005, compelling reasons appeal, constitutional children's rights, cross-border child disputes, custody relocation assessment, expert assessment relocation, family law jurisdiction, final interdict requirements, High Court exclusive jurisdiction, international child removal, leave to appeal Superior Courts Act, lis alibi pendens family law, non-joinder expert witness, parental cooperation relocation, reasonable prospects success, section 17 Superior Courts Act, Section 28 Constitution, statutory interpretation children's legislation, upper guardian role, urgency child matters, Western Cape High Court High Court Jurisdiction Over Child Relocation Upheld: N.T.R-F v J.A.L (Leave to Appeal) (2025/076576) [2025] ZAWCHC 377 (18 August 2025) – Expert Assessment Requirements and Appellate Prospects. Factual Matrix: Relocation Assessment and Parental Cooperation in Cross-Border Child Relocation The factual foundation of this Western Cape High Court decision reveals the complex procedural and substantive challenges inherent in… READ MORE
22/08/2025 Bertus Preller Alienation, Alimony, Arrear Maintenance, Arrear Maintenance Variation, Best Interests of the Child, Child Maintenance, Children, Contempt of Court, Interim Maintenance, Maintenance, Maintenance order enforcement, Parental Alienation, Parental Rights, Rule 43, Rule 43 Contempt, Rule 43 orders, Spousal Maintenance beyond reasonable doubt standard, child maintenance default, Children's Act contempt, civil criminal contempt hybrid, Constitutional Court contempt, constitutional rights contempt, contact order violations, contempt defenses, contempt of court, contempt proceedings procedure, court order enforcement, custody order violations, Divorce Act enforcement, fair trial rights, genuine inability defense, L.L.K v P.K case analysis, maintenance order enforcement, parenting plan contempt, punitive costs contempt, purge contempt conditions, Rule 43 maintenance, South African Family Law, spousal maintenance contempt, suspended imprisonment contempt, weekend imprisonment, wilful contempt mala fide From Case to Comprehensive Analysis: L.L.K v P.K (D317/2019) [2025] ZAKZDHC 54 Sparks Deep Dive into Contempt of Court in South African Family Law – Constitutional Protections, Enforcement Mechanisms, and Evolving Jurisprudence. Introduction and Context Contempt of court in South African law refers to the wilful and mala fide (bad faith) refusal to comply with a court order. In the realm of… READ MORE
13/08/2025 Bertus Preller Abduction, Best Interests of the Child, Children, Guardianship, Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, Immigration, Relocation, Section 28 Constitution, Unilateral relocation, Views of the Child best interests, child welfare, children's rights, children's act, co-guardianship, conditional consent, consent affidavit, Constitutional Rights, cross-border enforcement, Family Law, guardianship, Hague Convention, international travel, just and equitable relief, Mirror Orders, overseas travel, parental acrimony, parental consent, Parental Responsibilities, passport applications, section 172, section 18, Section 28 Constitution, South African Law, travel disputes, travel documentation, unreasonable refusal, Western Cape High Court When Conditional Consent Becomes Unreasonable Refusal: Parental Rights and Overseas Travel in B.U v C.M and Others (2025/017920) [2025] ZAWCHC 342 (12 August 2025). Factual Background: A Tale of Parental Acrimony and Non-Cooperation The case of B.U v C.M and Others presents a deeply troubling portrait of how parental discord can prejudice a child's… READ MORE
12/08/2025 Bertus Preller Adult Children, Alimony, Arbitration, Arrear Maintenace, Arrear Maintenance, Arrear Maintenance Variation, Arrears, Best Interests of the Child, Child Maintenance, Child protection, Children, Division of Estate, DNA testing, Financial Disclosure, Interim Maintenance, Maintenance, Maintenance Calculator, Maintenance Court, Marriage, Procedural Law, Procedure, Rule 43, Rule 43 Contempt, Rule 43 Cost Contributions, Rule 43 orders, Rule 58, Spousal Maintenance best interests of the child, calculate child maintenance, calculate spousal maintenance, child maintenance South Africa, child support arrears, Children’s Act maintenance, Divorce Act South Africa, divorce maintenance law, divorce settlement South Africa, emoluments attachment order, garnishee order South Africa, interim maintenance South Africa, lifelong spousal maintenance, maintenance amendment act 2015, maintenance calculation formula, maintenance calculator South Africa, maintenance court procedure, maintenance court South Africa, maintenance enforcement South Africa, maintenance variation South Africa, major child maintenance South Africa, parental duty of support, post-divorce maintenance, rehabilitative maintenance, Rule 43 maintenance, Section 7(2) Divorce Act, South African Maintenance Act, spousal maintenance South Africa, token maintenance Child and Spousal Maintenance in South Africa: Complete Guide to Legal Duties, Court Processes, and Case Law (2025 Edition). Introduction Child and spousal maintenance are critical aspects of family law in South Africa, ensuring that dependents are cared for financially when families break up or circumstances change. Maintenance generally… READ MORE
07/08/2025 Bertus Preller Abuse, Adversarial Legal System, Child Bullying, Child protection, Children, Children's Court, Conduct of Childcare Experts, constitutional rights of children, Contempt of Court, Costs, Curator Ad Litem, Emotional Abuse, Family reunification, Grandparents Rights, Guardianship, Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, Hostile Family Lawyers, Joint Decision Making, Parental Alienation, Parental Coordinator, Parental Rights, Punitive Cost Orders, Reunification, Reunification therapy, Section 28 Constitution, Views of the Child AB-PA, attachment-based parental alienation, Australian parenting orders, best interests of the child, child’s rights, children’s act, co-parenting programs, contempt enforcement, curator ad litem, custody variation, differential diagnosis, emotional abuse, expert evidence, Family Advocate inquiries, forensic psychologist, interim orders, international comparison, legislative reform, multi-disciplinary approach, parental alienation, parenting coordinator, preventive education, psychological assessment, reunification therapy, Rule 43 applications, South African Family Law, supervised contact, therapeutic court orders, UK CAFCASS model, US friendly parent factor Parental Alienation in South African Family Law: Legal Framework, Case Analysis, and Comparative Perspectives. Introduction Parental alienation has emerged as one of the most heart-wrenching dilemmas in South African family law, surfacing with alarming frequency in high-conflict divorces and custody battles. At its core,… READ MORE